Isticmaalka dareemayaasha ciidda si loo hagaajiyo waxtarka beeraha Hindiya: daraasadaha kiisaska iyo falanqaynta xogta

Maaddaama isbeddelka cimilada adduunka iyo kobaca dadweynuhu ay keenayaan caqabadaha sii kordhaya ee wax-soo-saarka beeraha, beeralayda Hindiya oo dhan waxay si firfircoon u qaadanayaan tignoolajiyada cusub si loo horumariyo wax-soo-saarka dalagga iyo waxtarka kheyraadka. Waxaa ka mid ah, adeegsiga dareemayaasha carradu waxay si degdeg ah u noqonayaan qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah casriyeynta beeraha, waxayna ku guuleysteen natiijooyin cajiib ah. Waa kuwan tusaalooyin gaar ah iyo xog muujinaya sida dareemayaasha ciidda loogu isticmaali karo beeraha Hindiya.

Xaaladda koowaad: waraabka saxda ah ee Maharashtra
Asalkii hore:
Maharashtra waa mid ka mid ah gobollada ugu waaweyn ee beeralayda Hindiya, laakiin waxaa soo food saartay biyo la'aan daran sannadihii u dambeeyay. Si loo hagaajiyo waxtarka isticmaalka biyaha, dawladda hoose waxay iskaashi la samaysay shirkadaha tignoolajiyada beeraha si kor loogu qaado isticmaalka dareemayaasha ciidda ee tuulooyin badan.

Hirgelinta:
Mashruucii tijaabada ahaa, beeralaydu waxay beerahooda ku rakibeen dareeraha qoyaanka ciidda. Dareemayaashan ayaa awood u leh inay la socdaan qoyaanka ciidda wakhtiga dhabta ah oo ay u gudbiyaan xogta talefanka casriga ah ee beeralayda. Iyada oo ku saleysan xogta ay bixiyeen dareemayaasha, beeralayda ayaa si sax ah u xakameyn kara waqtiga iyo mugga waraabka.

Saamaynta:
Ilaalinta biyaha: waraabka saxda ah, isticmaalka biyaha ayaa la dhimay ilaa 40%. Tusaale ahaan, beer 50 hektar ah, kaydka bishiiba waxa uu gaarayaa ilaa 2,000 mitir kuyuubik oo biyo ah.
Wax-soo-saarka dalagga oo la hagaajiyay: Wax-soo-saarka dalagga ayaa kordhay ilaa 18% taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay waraabka cilmiyeed ee dheeraadka ah. Tusaale ahaan, celceliska wax-soo-saarka suufku wuxuu kordhay min 1.8 ilaa 2.1 tan hektarkiiba.
Qiimaha dhimista: Biilasha korontada beeralayda ee matoorada ayaa la dhimay ilaa 30%, kharashka waraabka ee hektarkiiba waxa la dhimay ilaa 20%.

Jawaab-celinta beeralayda:
"Kahor intaanan had iyo jeer ka werwerin inaan waraabin ku filan ama aad u badan, hadda dareemadan waxaan si sax ah u xakameyn karnaa xaddiga biyaha, dalagyada ayaa si fiican u baxa dakhligayaguna wuu kordhay," ayuu yiri mid ka mid ah beeralayda ku lug leh mashruuca.

Kiiska 2: Bacriminta saxda ah ee Punjab
Asalkii hore:
Punjab waa saldhigga ugu weyn ee wax-soo-saarka cuntada ee Hindiya, laakiin bacriminta xad-dhaafka ah ayaa horseeday nabaad-guurka ciidda iyo wasakhowga deegaanka. Si loo xaliyo dhibaatadan, dawladda hoose waxay dhiirigelisay isticmaalka dareemayaasha nafaqada ciidda.

Hirgelinta:
Beeralayda ayaa beerahooda ku rakibay dareemayaal nafaqeeyayaal ciidda kuwaas oo la soconayo xaddiga nitrogen, fosfooraska, potassium iyo nafaqooyinka kale ee ciidda ku jira wakhtiga dhabta ah. Iyada oo ku saleysan xogta ay bixiyeen dareemayaasha, beeralayda waxay si sax ah u xisaabin karaan cadadka bacriminta loo baahan yahay oo ay codsadaan bacriminta saxda ah.

Saamaynta:
Isticmaalka bacriminta oo la dhimay: Isticmaalka bacriminta ayaa hoos u dhacay qiyaastii 30 boqolkiiba. Tusaale ahaan, beer 100 hektar ah, kaydka bishiiba ee kharashka bacriminta ayaa gaadhay ilaa $5,000.
Wax-soo-saarka dalagga oo la hagaajiyay: Wax-soo-saarka dalagga ayaa kordhay ilaa 15% taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay bacriminta sayniska oo dheeraad ah. Tusaale ahaan, celceliska wax-soo-saarka sarreenku wuxuu kordhay min 4.5 ilaa 5.2 ton hektarkiiba.
Horumarka deegaanka: Dhibaatada wasakhowga ciidda iyo biyaha ee ay keento bacriminta xad dhaafka ah ayaa si weyn loo hagaajiyay, tayada carradu waxay kor u kacday ilaa 10%.

Jawaab-celinta beeralayda:
"Ka hor, waxaan had iyo jeer ka walaacsanahay inaanan isticmaalin bacrimin ku filan, hadda dareemayaashan, waxaan si sax ah u xakameyn karnaa qadarka bacriminta la isticmaalo, dalagyada ayaa si fiican u koraan, kharashkeenana waa yar yahay," ayuu yiri mid ka mid ah beeralayda ku lug leh mashruuca.

Kiiska 3: Jawaabta Isbeddelka Cimilada ee Tamil Nadu
Asalkii hore:
Tamil Nadu waa mid ka mid ah gobollada Hindiya sida aadka ah u saameeyay isbeddelka cimiladu, iyadoo ay jiraan dhacdooyin cimilo oo aad u daran. Si loola tacaalo cimilada aadka u daran sida abaaraha iyo roobabka culus, beeralayda maxaliga ahi waxay isticmaalaan dareemayaasha ciidda si ay ula socdaan waqtiga dhabta ah iyo jawaab celinta degdega ah.

Hirgelinta:
Beeralayda ayaa beerahooda ku rakibay qoyaanka ciidda iyo heerkulka hawada kuwaas oo la socda xaaladda ciidda wakhtiga dhabta ah una gudbiya xogta talefannada casriga ah ee beeralayda. Iyada oo ku saleysan xogta ay bixiyeen dareemayaasha, beeralayda waxay hagaajin karaan cabbirada waraabka iyo dheecaanka waqti ku habboon.

Xogta oo kooban

Saamaynta:
Khasaaraha dalagga oo yaraaday: Khasaaraha dalagga ayaa hoos u dhacay ku dhawaad 25 boqolkiiba taas oo ka dhalatay isbeddel ku yimid waqtiga waraabka iyo cabbiraadaha biyaha. Tusaale ahaan, beer 200 oo hektar ah, khasaaraha dalagga ka dib roobab mahiigaan ah ayaa laga dhimay 10 boqolkiiba ilaa 7.5 boqolkiiba.
Maareynta biyaha oo la hagaajiyay: Iyadoo la eegayo waqtiga dhabta ah iyo jawaab celinta degdega ah, ilaha biyaha waxaa loo maareeyaa si cilmiyaysan, waxtarka waraabka ayaa kordhay ilaa 20%.
Dakhliga beeralayda ayaa kordhay: Dakhliga beeralayda ayaa kordhay ilaa 15% sababtoo ah khasaaraha dalagga oo yaraaday iyo wax soo saarka oo sarreeya.

Jawaab-celinta beeralayda:
"Kahor intaanan had iyo jeer ka walwalin roobab culus ama abaaro, hadda dareemahan, waxaan ku hagaajin karnaa cabbirada waqtiga, khasaaraha dalagyada waa la dhimay, dakhligayagana waa la kordhiyaa," ayuu yiri mid ka mid ah beeralayda ku lug leh mashruuca.
Aragtida mustaqbalka
Marka ay tignoolajiyadu sii socoto horumarka, dareemayaasha carradu waxay noqon doonaan kuwo caqli badan oo waxtar leh. Dareemayaasha mustaqbalka waxay awood u yeelan doonaan inay isku daraan xog badan oo deegaanka ah, sida tayada hawada, roobabka, iwm, si ay u siiyaan taageero go'aan oo dhamaystiran beeralayda. Intaa waxaa dheer, horumarinta tignoolajiyada internetka ee Waxyaabaha (IoT), dareemayaasha carradu waxay awood u yeelan doonaan inay isku xidhaan qalabka kale ee beeraha si loo maareeyo wax-soo-saarka beeraha oo hufan.

Isagoo ka hadlayay shir dhowaan la qabtay, wasiirka beeraha ee Hindiya ayaa yiri: "Codsiga dareemayaasha carrada waa tallaabo muhiim ah oo casriyeynta beeraha Hindiya, waxaan sii wadi doonaa taageerada horumarinta tignoolajiyadan iyo kor u qaadida codsigeeda ballaaran si loo gaaro horumar waara ee beeraha."

Gebogebadii, codsiga dareemayaasha ciidda ee Hindiya ayaa gaadhay natiijooyin cajiib ah, ma aha oo kaliya hagaajinta waxtarka wax soo saarka beeraha, laakiin sidoo kale hagaajinta heerarka nolosha ee beeralayda. Maaddaama ay tignoolajiyadu sii socoto inay horumarto oo ay faafto, dareemayaasha carradu waxay ka ciyaari doonaan door muhiim ah oo sii kordheysa habka casriyeynta beeraha Hindiya.

Wixii macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan goobta cimilada,

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